علوم سیاسی - دفتر تبلیغات اسلامی حوزه علمیه قم - الصفحة ٢ - The Abstracts of Articles

The Abstracts of Articles



  Strauss and the methodology of understanding Islamic political philosophy
Mohsen Rezvani
Political Sciences and Thought Research Center
Abstract
Leo Strauss (١٨٩٩-١٩٧٣) in among the prominent political philosophers of the ٢٠th century, whose political philosophy enjoys a particular generality which includes the entire classic, the middle and the modern ears. His ideas in political philosophy were always interesting to those interested in political sciences. He is also an Orientalist whose novel ideas about Islamic political philosophy are still unknown to the researchers of the field. This paper is to present part of his ideas concerning "the methodology of Islamic political philosophy". According to Strauss the occultationalism present in the Islamic political philosophy had the consequence that a true understanding of the philosophy could not form. The phenomenon tells us that to understand the classic political texts one cannot resort to the present dominant "Progressivist" and "historicist" approaches but that one should use the method based on "the real historical understanding".
Keywords: methodology, political philosophy, Islamic political philosophy, occultationalism, progressivism, historicism, real historical understanding, Leo Strauss.
 
A jurisprudential conception of Shari'a and political life
Mansoor Mir-Ahmadi
Political Sciences Department
Bagher al-Olum Higher Education Institute
Abstract
The jurisprudential concption of Shari'a is a rationa conception of the teachings of Shari'a through jurisprudential means. This conception. which formed on the basis of admitting particular epistemological presuppositions and foundations in the course of the history of jurisprudence, had impacts on different domains of life including political life. Having a glance at the genealogy of the jurisprudential conception of Shari'a in the Shiite jurisprudence and studying its evolution in the contemporary Shiite political jurisprudence, the present paper elaborates on the relationship between the jurisprudential conception of Shari'a and political life and on its impact on theorization in the political domain.
Keywords: conception, jurisprudential conception, Shari'a, political life, Shiite political life.
 
Skinner's methodology of analyzing political thought
James Tully
Translated by
Gholam-Reza Behroozlak
Political Sciences Department
Bagher al-Olum Higher Education Institute
Abstract
Political thought is one of domains political studies: Thoughts have been studied in different ways. The oldest method of studying thought was basically descriptive. Nowadays, springens' reconstructed logic, Strauss's occultationalism, different hermeneutic, discourse analytical and other approaches have introduced new capabilities and capacitis, especially after the postmodern turn, to the scholars of political science. One of these methods, which is still unknown to our scientific society, is Quintin Skinner's methodology.
Though Skinner's methodology has the capability to be applied in the broad domain of political arena, it seems to be more applicable to studying political thought. Broadly speaking, Skinner's method can be considered as a combination of text-oriented and context-oriented hermeneutic theories. His model is specifically efficient is studying the thoughts of prominent scholars. He applied his method to study Machiavelli and could elaborate on the shift of political thought in the West and the formation of modern political thought.
Keywords: political science methodology, political thought studies, hermeneutics, semiotics, Western political thought.
The methodology of the theosophical political wisdom
Rajab-Ali Esfandiar
Political Science and Thought Research Center
Abstract
Theosophical wisdom, which is based on taste and reasoning, i.e. mystical experience and logical thinking, considers true justification and plain discovery as the criterion for finding truths. Sohrevardi believes that the key for understanding this wisdom is the knowledge of the self and that knowledge of the self in based on the knowledge of the God and the world. Thus, understanding the world is based on knwledge of Lights. Accepting the existence of four world i.e. Jabaroot, Malakoot, Molk, Methal, Sohrevardi explains the relationship among them and in this way classifies the world into the World of Lights and the World of Darkness and depicts his philosophical system to show the course of the movement of man from the origin to the hereafter. The present paper tries to explain the method of intuitive knowledge, the status of the intuitive power, the knowledge-making rules in Sohrevardi's political philosophy, and the status of civil sciences in politics.
Keywords: intuitive knowledge, theosophical political wisdom, intuitive wisdom, debate knowledge, Sohrevardi.
Classification of (political) knowledge in the Islamic world
Seyyed Sadegh Haghighat
Political Sciences Department Mufid University
Abstract
Classifying knowledge and identifying the status of political knowledge provides the possibility of, first, getting familiarity whit types of political knowledge at the disposal of the Islamic scholars, and, second, pursuing the developments of the issue in the course of the history of Islamic political thought. It seems that philosophers' and jurisprudents' presuppositions and the relationship between reason and traditions was influential on the classification of knowledge for the Islamic philosophers. As a result, the classification of knowledge by Farabi and his followers must be considered reason-oriented, while the classification of knowledge by Ghazzali and the like must be considered tradition-oriented.
Keyworlds: classification of knowledge, political knowledge, the reason oriented, the tradition-oriented, Aristotle, Farabi, Ghazzali,Ekhvan al-Safa, Khajeh Nasir, Ibn-e- Khaldon.
Methodology for writing Siasat-Nameh
Morteza Yoosefi-Rad
Political Sciences and Thought Research Center
Abstract
Writing Siasat-Nameh is a way through which the ways of maintaining the legitimacy of political power is explained. In these books, both the ways and tools are identified and introduced to sultans and rulers and whatever result in the deterioration of power are mentioned so that the power of rulers become more justifiable for the people. Thus, the central point of the interpretations of Siasat-Nameh writes is the ruling power. Their interpretations and justifications are centered on the interrelationship between politics and religion, justice, ethics and religion, the experiences of the antecedents, and advice.
What distinguished the writers of siasat-Nameh from others was the justification of the socio-political realities of time and the experiences of the ancestors.
Kywords: Siasat-Nameh writers, Siasat-Nameh, political power, sultan, and ruler.
Political science in Iran: From recognition to reconstruction
Mas'ood Poorfard
PhD student in Tarbiat Modarres University
Abstract
The paper studies three domains of political science:recognition, reviewing, and reconstruction. With a brief glance at the recognition domain, it is classified into the classic, the modern, and the postmodern groups and the subject, method and goal of political science are studied. Whith respect to the reviewing domain, the differences between the approaches to political science in Iran and in the West are explained and it is emphasized that the three territories of subject, method, and, goal of political science cannot be compatible with the needs of our regime of knwledge.
Finally, in the reconstruction domain of political science, suggestions have been proposed to improve the situation.
Keywords: political science, recognitions, reviewing, reconstruction, methodology, regime of knowledge
Discourse analysis as theory and method
Seyyed Ali Asghar Sultani
English Language Department
Bagher al-Olum Higher Education Institute
Abstract
In addition to explaining the philosophical foundations of Laclau and Moufe's discourse theory, the paper, based on examples taken from socio-political changes in Iran after the Islamic revolution, is to show how this theory can be used as a method to analyze socio-political discourses.
Although the theory has outstanding explanatory capabilities .it poses difficulties for researches because of lacking linguistic analytical tools needed for an elaborate analysis of meaning conflicts among dsicourses. Thus, the paper tries to overcome the difficulty through resorting to foregrounding and backgrounding strategies which have their roots in. Halliday's Functional Linguistics.
Keywords: discourse theory, method of analysis, foregrounding, backgrounding.
Discourse theory and political analysis
Seyyed Mohammad-Ali Hosseinizadeh
Political Sciences Department Mufid University
Abstract
Although discourse theory was proposed quite recently, it became prevalent in many social sciences disciplines. This paper is to explain the application of the theory in political sciences based on Laclau and Moufe's discourse theory. According to laclau and Mouffe, discourse is a meaningful combination of interwoven signifiers which gains its meaning from the discursive formation and in opposition to competing discourses. Human being's understanding of the world and his actions are formed by meams of diccourse. Discursive struggles or struggle for interpreting the world is always present in the society and these struggles determine the fate of the society. However, there is no determining a priori factor. In other words, our social world is always contingent. Since discourses always come into existence and disappear along with the exercise of power, exclusion, and antagonism, they are basically political in nature. In addition, Laclau and Mouffe emphasize on the political aspect of the society by means of hegemony, According to them, hegemonic discursive articulations advance the society and form our understanding of the world.
Keywords: discourse, discourse analysis, Laclau and Mouffe, politics, hegemony, radical democracy.
A discourse analysis of globalization
Seyyed Abdulghayyom Sajjadi
Political Sciences Department
Bagher al-Olum Higher Education Institute
Abstract
Globalization is a modern influential concept in the political life and there are serious controversies regarding the nature of the issue. Some consider it as a natural process while others consider it as a Western project. This paper considers globalization not as new situation but as a new discourse.The discourse analysis of globalization considers it as an inevitable dominant discourse which may not be permanent. Globalization as a discourse leads to a new formation of identity politics and political life. This new discursive formation whose nodal point is neo-liberalism gives meaning to other political signifiers In discourse analysis, globalization, with neo-liberalism as its nodal point, is dominant global discourse which fixed the meaning of signifiers based on a neo-liberal conception, thought it is always vulnerable and exposed to dislocation.
Keywords: discourse, discourse analysis ,globalization, neo-liberalism.
The methodology of political theology
Gholam-Reza Behroozlak
Political Sciences Department
Bagher al-Olum Higher Education Institute
Abstract
political theology is one of the bracches of the Islamic political thought. Thought political theology was not an independent discipline like political philosophy in the political heritage of the Muslim's, the prominent Shiite theologians had numerous valuable contributions to the field with respect to Shiites' conviction in Imamate as a belief principle. In the Sunnite theology, too, these issues were brought into consideration either independently or in order to oppose the views of the proponents. Introducing the most important trends in political theology in the Islamic era, this paper tries to study the different methods of the Muslim's political theology in relation with religious sects such as the Khavarij, the Sunnites, and the Shiites.
Keywords: Islamic political thought, theological sects, political theology, methodology.